Interstitial pneumonia caused by chemotherapy can seriously affect the patient`s quality of life and life expectancy. Interstitial pneumonia is a disease of the interstitial tissue of the lungs. Chemotherapy drugs can damage the alveoli and interstitial tissue, leading to lung inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis. These lesions can lead to decreased lung function, dyspnea, and even respiratory failure. If treated promptly, the patient`s quality of life can be improved to a certain extent, but life expectancy may be shortened due to problems such as decreased lung function. Therefore, it is very important to prevent interstitial pneumonia caused by chemotherapy. For patients who have already developed interstitial pneumonia, timely treatment and management should be carried out to alleviate symptoms and prolong life as much as possible.